Describe the induced electric potential difference resulting from a change in magnetic flux.

• Magnetic flux is a description of the amount of the component of a magnetic field that is perpendicular to a cross-sectional area.
• Magnetic flux through a surface is proportional to the magnitude of the component of the magnetic field perpendicular to the surface and to the cross-sectional area of the surface. Relevant equation:
• The area vector is defined to be perpendicular to the plane of the surface and directed outward from a closed surface.
• The sign of the magnetic flux indicates whether the magnetic field is parallel to or antiparallel to the area vector.
• Faraday’s law describes the relationship between changing magnetic flux and the resulting induced emf in a system. Relevant equation:
• Lenz’s law is used to determine the direction of an induced emf resulting from a changing magnetic flux. Relevant equation:
• An induced emf generates a current that creates a magnetic field that opposes the change in magnetic flux.
• The right-hand rule is used to determine the relationships between current, emf, and magnetic flux.
• A common example of electromagnetic induction is a conducting rod on conducting rails in a region with a uniform magnetic field. Derived equation:

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